*Grade Five Reading Standards

Phonemic Awareness, Word Recognition and Fluency

Fluency continues to develop past the primary grades. Readers increase their rate of oral reading to near conversational pace. They show their appropriate use of pauses, pitch, stress and intonation that they are reading in clauses and sentence units to support comprehension. They gain control over a wider, complex sight vocabulary and over longer syntactic structures, so that they are able to read progressively more demanding texts with greater ease. Silent reading becomes considerably faster than oral reading and becomes the preferred, more efficient way to process everyday texts.

Acquisition of Vocabulary

Contextual

Understanding

1.    Define the meaning of unknown words by using context clues and the author’s use of definition, restatement and example.

2.    Use context clues to determine the meaning of synonyms, antonyms, homophones, homonyms and homographs.
 

Conceptual

Understanding

3.    Identify the connotation and denotation of new words.

4.    Identify and understand new uses of words and phrases in text, such as similes and metaphors.
 

Structural

Understanding

5.    Use word origins to determine the meaning of unknown words and phrases.

6.    Apply the knowledge of prefixes, suffixes and roots and their various inflections to analyze the meanings of words.

7.    Identify the meanings of abbreviations.
 

Tools
 and Resources

8.    Determine the meanings and pronunciations of unknown words by using dictionaries, thesauruses, glossaries, technology and textual features, such as definitional footnotes or sidebars.
 

Reading Process

Comprehension

Strategies

 1.  Establish and adjust purposes for reading, including to find out, to understand, to interpret, to enjoy and to solve problems.

 2.  Predict and support predictions with specific references to textual examples that may be in widely separated sections of text.
 

 3.  Make critical comparisons across texts.

 4.  Summarize the information in texts, recognizing that there may be several important ideas rather than just one main idea and identifying details that support each.

 5.  Make inferences based on implicit information in texts, and provide justifications for those inferences.

 6.  Select, create and use graphic organizers to interpret textual information.

 7.  Answer literal, inferential and evaluative questions to demonstrate comprehension of grade-appropriate print texts and electronic and visual media.
 

Self-Monitoring

Strategies

 8.  Monitor own comprehension by adjusting speed to fit the purpose, or by skimming, scanning, reading on, looking back or summarizing what has been read so far in text.

 9.  List questions and search for answers within the text to construct meaning.
 

Independent

Reading

10. Use criteria to choose independent reading materials (e.g., personal interest, knowledge of authors and genres or recommendations from others.

11. Independently read books for various purposes (e.g., for enjoyment, for literary experience, to gain information or to perform a task).

Reading Applications

Informational, Technical and Persuasive Text

1. Use text features, such as chapter titles, headings and subheadings; parts of books including the index and table of contents and online tools (search engines) to locate information.
    
2. Identify, distinguish between and explain examples of cause and effect in informational text.
    
3. Compare important details about a topic, using different sources of information, including books, magazines, newspapers and online resources.
    
4. Summarize the main ideas and supporting details.
    
5. Analyze information found in maps, charts, tables, graphs and diagrams.
    
6. Clarify steps in a set of instructions or procedures for proper sequencing and completeness and revise if necessary.
    
7. Analyze the difference between fact and opinion.
    
8. Distinguish relevant from irrelevant information in a text and identify possible points of confusion for the reader.
    
9. Identify and understand an author’s purpose for writing, including to explain, to entertain or to inform.

Literary Text

1. Explain how a character’s thoughts, words and actions reveal his or her motivations.
    
2. Explain the influence of setting on the selection.
    
3. Identify the main incidents of a plot sequence and explain how they influence future action.
    
4. Identify the speaker and explain how point of view affects the text.
    
5. Summarize stated and implied themes.
    
6. Describe the defining characteristics of literary forms and genres, including poetry, drama, chapter books, biographies, fiction and non-fiction.
    
7. Interpret how an author’s choice of words appeals to the senses and suggests mood.
    
8. Identify and explain the use of figurative language in literary works, including idioms, similes, hyperboles, metaphors and personification.